"Burghley House, Stamford, was built between 1555 and 1587 for William Cecil, Lord Burghley, the Lord High Treasurer to Queen Elizabeth I. The library there contains an extensive collection of manuscript and printed music dating from about 1650 to 1850, substantially formed during the latter part of the eighteenth century by the Ninth Earl of Exeter. The collection is given particular significance by the inclusion of several rare and in some cases apparently unique volumes." This catalogue examines the Burghley House music collection in the light of contemporary documentary evidence. The opening section describes the people who added to the collection and their musical enthusiasms. This approach brings the collection to life and enables us to appreciate emergent trends in British music history of the period.